Machine



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. BL'DOUGHERTY.

HOOP MAKING MACHINE. I No. 256,468. Patented Apr. 18, 1882.

(No Model.)

. 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. J. B. DOUGHERTY, HOOP MAKING MACHINE.

Patented Apr. 18', 1882.

N PHERS Plwwlilhagnphe NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

. JOHN B. nouennitrv, OF noonns'rna, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY MEASSIGNMENTS, TO JOHN GONNELL, or SAME PLACE.

HOOP-MAKING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 256,468, dated AprillS,1882.

I Application filed August 29, 1851. (No model.)

To alleuhom it may concern: V

Be it known that I, JoHN B. DOUGHERTY, of Rochester, in the county ofMonroe and State of New York, have invented an Improved Hoop-MakingMachine, of which the following is a specification, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to that class of hoopmachines in which the hoop iscut from the edge of a plank by a reciprocating knife.

In the manufacture of this kind of hoops as heretofore practiced thehoop-splint has been cut from the plank in one machine, and the splintshave been then passed in turn-through a number of other machines, inwhich the splint was lapped, tapered, and pointed, the process requiringmany successive handlings and producing a large percentage of culls.

My invention has for its object the production of a machine in whichhoops are cut from the lumber and lapped, tapered, and pointed atoneoperation by automatic machinery, without the necessity of rehandling,the hoops being delivered from the machine ready to be placed on thebarrel, with the exception of planing the outer surface for the purposeof rounding the corners, which may be practiced, if desired; and myinvention consists in combining with a reciprocating dividing'knifeautomatically-operating lapping or tapering and pointing knives, all ashereinafter more fully set forth.

My invention also consists in the mechanical details of the structure,as hereinafter described and claimed.

Myimproved hoop-machine is represented in the accompanying drawings, inwhich-- Figure 1 is a front elevation. Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig.3 isan end elevation. Fig. 4 is an inverted view of a portion of themachine. Fig. 5 is a section on the line '90 m, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a rearelevation of the reciprocating knifeframe and its attachments. Fig. 7 isa side view of a hoop produced by my improved machine. Fig. 8' is atopview of the same. Fig. 9 is a transverse section. Fig. 10 is a sectionaldiagram through a plank, representing the lines on which the hoops areout therefrom by my improved machine. Fig. 11 is a section the slots inthe side frames. .menjs provided at its lower end with a bent throughthe swinging bar on theline y y, Fig. 4. Fig. 12 is a front view of oneof the pointing-knives. Fig. 13 is a section of the same on the lines a2, Figs. 12 and 14. Fig. latis a plan view of the same. Fig. 15 is aside view of ahoop finished and coiled. Fig. 17 is a section through theswinging bar and one of the pointing or lapping knives. Fig. 18 is a.front view of aportion of the bar and of one of the knives. Fig. 19 is asection through the swinging bar, showing one of the adjustable 6oguards. Fig. 20 is a top view, showing one of the adjustable guards.

My improved hoop-machine is represented in the accompanying drawings, inwhich A A is the frame of the machine, consisting ofitwo standards ateach side thereof, provided with slots for the reciprocation of theknife-frame H I, and connected together by the cross-bar G. Each of theside frames is provided with a suitable base, B.

D is the driving-shaft; (J, the dividing-knife; fand f, the lapping ortapering knives, and g and g the pointing-knives.

The side frames A A are connected together by the cross-bar G, which isprovided at either 7 5 end with arms h h, Fig. 1, bolted to the frames.The cross-bar G serves as a bed or table, on which the lumber to be cutinto hoops rests, as represented by the dotted lines l l, Figs. 1 and 3.At their upper ends the frames A A are provided with suitablejournals, 1) b, carrying the driving-shaft- D, to which motion isimparted by a belt running over thepulle'y E, or in any other convenientmanner. "At each end the driving-shaft is provided with the cranks F F,connected to the reciprocating knifeframe by the pitmen a a. -As theshaft revolves a vertical reciprocating motion is given to theknife-frame, the ends of which slide in One of the pito arm, L, whichserves to give the six-pointed star-wheel K on the shaft J a partialrevolution at. each motion of the knife. The shaftJ is supported bysuitable journals, 0 0, project 5 ing outward from the side frames. Onthe shaft J are placed the triangular cams d d, by which the bars e eare raised, as indicated by enables the operator to firmly grasp thelumber resting thereon.

The knife 0 is attached to the forward side of the upper cross-bar, H,of the knife-frame, and operates at each downward stroke to cut a hoopfrom the edge of the board fed to it over the bed-plate G. The properbeveled section is given to the hoops by the operation of the cams d dtilting the board at every other cutting motion of the knife, so thatthe board is divided by the knife alternately on lines at rightangleswith its face and at an angle thereto, as represented in the sectionaldiagram, Fig. 10.

In order to cut the laps and tapers on the hoops, I attach the knives ffto the ends of a swinging bar, M, which is pivoted at its centcr to thelower side of the cross-barI. Guards 0 o are attached to the bar I toprevent the board from being pushed too far over the bedplate G. Theseguards are made adjustable, so as to determine the thickness of thehoop, by means of screws a a passing through slotted openings in theirupper ends, which are bent over the upper side of the cross-bar. Theknives ff are attached to the swinging bar M by means of screws passinginto blocks sliding in the T-groovep in the bar, so that they can beadjusted laterally to suit hoops of variable length. The bar M isarranged to be swung so as to bring the knivesff into action alternatelyby means of the vertical rock-shaft N,-'operated from a cam,q, on thegear 0. The gear 0 is driven at one-half the speed of the shaft E bymeans of the pinion P. It revolves on a'stud in an arm projectingoutward from the frame A. The rock-shaftN turns in suitable journalsattached to the side frame. Itis located a short distance in rear of theswinging bar M, and near one end thereof. The rockshaft N is providedwith a longitudinal rib, r, which swings with it and bears against afriction-plate, s", on the rear side of the bar M.

The bar M is attached to the center of the crossbar I by means of astud, 8, Figs. 6 and 11, fastened in the cross-bar, and provided with aflange-collar, t, passing through a slot in the bar, and provided with anut, to, on the lower side thereof. By unscrewing the nut u the positionof the bar M may be adjusted to and from the operator, so as to vary theaction of the knives f j" on the hoop, the sleeve t being movedtransversely to the bar in the slot.

A spring, o, attached to the cross-bar I and bearing on a stud in theknife-bar M, tends always to press its end against the ribr on therock-shaft N. The swinging motion of the cross-bar may, however, belimited by the set- The upper side of the.

screws to a, passing through lugs projecting upward from the knife-barM.

By the operation of the rock-shaft N and the swinging bar M the lappingand tapering knives ff are caused to act alternately on the edge of theplank, so as to cut the lap first on one end of the board at one motionof the knife 0, and then at the next motion on the other end. The lap issomewhat longer than the taper, as represented in the drawings, Figs.

7 and 8, and when the knife fin its descent .1

cuts the lap the other knife, f, cuts the taper, and vice versa. Inorder that the points of the hoops may all come the same way on thebarrel, and that the wide edges of the hoops may be uppermost in orderto afford surface I for driving, it is necessary that the lap should becut first. on one end of the plank, (the other end being tapered at thesame time,) and then that the lap and taper should at thenext stroke ofthe dividing-knife be cut on the'opposite ends. As'the gear 0, carryingthe cam g, which operates the rock shaft N, revolves but once for everytwo strokes of the dividing-knife, it is evident that the swinging bar Nwill be shifted from the position shown in the full lines in Fig. 4 tothatindicated by the dotted lines at every second stroke of theknife-frame, and that the lapping and tapering knives hein gcarriedthereby will firstremovethe greater chip from one end of the plank, andthen at the next stroke from the other, thereby form ing the lapalternately on the opposite ends of the plank. The tapered end of thehoop should also be pointed or out off at an angle on the corners, asrepresented. at the right-hand end in Fig. 7. This is accomplished bymeans of the pointin g-knives g g attached to the forward ends of thesliding barszz, which are arranged to reciprocate in suitable ways, it", on the same level as the plank l-on the bed-plate G. The ways 0' iare supported by arms Q Q, extending inward from the side frames of themachine. The sliding bars 2 z are each provided with twopointing-knives, g 9, (see Figs. 12 and 13,) projectingforward from theend thereof at a suitable angle and distance from each other to give thedesired form to the point of the hoop. The sliding bars are dovetailedor otherwise held in the slidest t", so as to reciprocate freelytherein. The sliding bars and too knives are forced forward against theends of the plank by the revolving wipers R R, attached to the shaft S.Thesha-ft S is supported by suitable journals carried by bracketsextending backward from the side frames, and it is driven from the mainshaft D by the shaft U and the bevel-gearing V W at one-half the speedof D. The outer ends of the sliding bars may be provided withfriction-rollers jj". The wipers R R are secured on the shaftS indiametrically-opposite positions, and their action in forcing forwardthe sliding bars 2 z is so timed relatively to the descent of thedividing-knife O and the lapping and tapering knives f f that one of thepointing-knives 9 9 comes forward and points the hoop on the plankbefore it is cut therefrom, while the knife-frame is at or near theupper extremity of its stroke on that end of the plank which by the nextstroke of the knives will be tapered. Springs 7070, Fig. 2, withdraw thesliding bars and the pointing-knives before the descent of theknife-frame. The length of the bars and wipers is so adjusted that thepointingknives enter the plank for a distance slightly greater than thethickness of the hoop, that portion of the corner of the plank leftnotched by the pointing knives after the severance of the hoop therefrombeing removed by the descent of the lapping-knife previous to cuttingthe next hoop.

In order to sustain the plank-against the cutting movement of thepointing-knives g g, I provide the automatic dogsYY, which grip theplank at each end at the time the knives vcome into operation. The dogsare preferably provided with serrated edges adapted to hold the plankfirmly against the bed-plate G, as shown in theside view, Fig. 3. Thedogs are pivoted to the main frame or the arms h h at r 1, Figs. 1 and2, and they are provided with upwardly-extending curved arms t t.

Into the knife-frame H are inserted the pins or studs 12' o in suchpositions that at the upper extremity of its travel they come in contactwith the curved ends of the arms t t", forcing them inward from theposition indicated by the dotted. lines in Fig. l to that shown in fulllines, and causing the dogs Y to clamp the plank against the bed plateGr. As already explained, this occurs at the time when one of thepointing-knives g g is acting on the plank. The springs y y, Fig. 1,elevate the dogs as soon as by the descent of the knifeframe the pins 1;o pass below the curved ends of the arms t t.

It will be observed that the guide-bars 0 0 are curved slightly belowthe swinging bar M away from the operator, to allow the plank l to beacted on by the lapping and tapering knives, the plank being pushedtoward the operator slightly by the curved guide-bars as they descend,so that the dividin g-knife C may cut a hoop of the proper thicknessfrom the plank.

I do notclaim herein anything shown or described in my Patent N 0.41,688, February 23, 1864, the said machine having been designed to makelocked hoops only.

I claim 1. The combination of the reciprocating dividing-knife O, themovable lapping or tapering knivesff, arranged to act alternately on theplank, and the pointing-knives g 9, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

2. The combination, with the reciprocating dividing-knife U, knife-stockI, and bar M, pivoted to the knife-stock and carrying at either end thelapping or tapering knives ff, substantially as described.

. 3. The combination, with the reciprocating dividing-knife (J, of thelapping or tapering knives ff and the pointing-knives g g, and mechanismfor moving the lapping-knives and for alternately operating thepointing-knives, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination of the reciprocating dividing-knife G, knife-stock I,the movable lapping-knives ff, and means for adjusting the position ofthe lappin g-knives relatively to the dividing-knife at eachreciprocation of the latter, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

5. The combination of the reciprocating dividing-knife (l, knife-stockI, pivoted bar M, and lapping-knives ff, arranged to be adjustedlengthwise of said bar to lap hoops of different lengths, substantiallyas described.

6. The combination of the knife 0, reciprocating knife-frame H, providedwith studs '0 o, pointing-knives g g, and clamping-dogsY Y, havingbentarms t t, substantially as described.

7. The combination of the reciprocating dividing-knife G, swinging barM, lapping and tapering knives ff, and rock-shaft N, substantially asdescribed.

8. The combination of the slotted frame A A, bed-plate G, cranks F F,pitmen a a, dividing-knife O, swinging bar M, lapping and bevelingknives ff, rock-shaft N, gearing 0 P,

and cam q, substantially as described. I

JOHN B. DOUGHERTY.

Witnesses:

GEO. B. SELDEN, S. L. SELpEN.

